Geographers use the term "area" to refer to any particular portion of Earth's surface. It may be as small as a park or a neighborhood, or as large as a continent or an ocean. Metropolitan areas, for example, help define the borders of large population centers for a census and other official purposes. The metropolitan area of Delhi, Mumbai are urban geographic areas. Area is also an exact measure of the size of a surface with specific boundaries.
The geographical area of India is divided into 15 agro-climatic regions. These are further divided into more homogeneous 72 sub-zones. The 15 agro-climatic zones are:
- Zone 1 – Western Himalayan Region: Jammu and Kashmir, Uttar Pradesh
- Zone 2 – Eastern Himalayan Region: Assam, Sikkim, West Bengal and all North-Eastern states
- Zone 3 – Lower Gangetic Plains Region: West Bengal
- Zone 4 – Middle Gangetic Plains Region: Uttar Pradesh, Bihar
- Zone 5 – Upper Gangetic Plains Region: Uttar Pradesh
- Zone 6 – Trans-Gangetic Plains Region: Punjab, Haryana, Delhi and Rajasthan
- Zone 7 – Eastern Plateau and Hills Region: Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Orissa and West Bengal
- Zone 8 – Central Plateau and Hills Region: MP, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh
- Zone 9 – Western Plateau and Hills Region: Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan
- Zone 10 – Southern Plateau and Hills Region: Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu
- Zone 11 – East Coast Plains and Hills Region: Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Pondicherry
- Zone 12 – West Coast Plains and Ghat Region: Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Goa, Karnataka, Maharashtra
- Zone 13 – Gujarat Plains and Hills Region: Gujarat
- Zone 14 – Western Dry Region: Rajasthan
- Zone 15 – The Islands Region: Andaman and Nicobar, Lakshadweep
| Geographic Areas | Examples |
|---|---|
| Tropical Rainforest | Assam and parts of the Sahyadri Mountain Range |
| Tropical Savannah | Sahyadri Mountain Range and parts of Maharashtra |
| Tropical and subtropical steppe | Parts of Punjab and Gujarat |
| Tropical Desert | Most parts of Rajasthan |
| Moist subtropical with winter | Parts of Punjab, Assam, and Rajasthan |
| Mountain climate | Parts of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, and Uttaranchal |
| Drought | Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Haryana |
| Tropical semi-arid steppe | Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, and other parts of South India |
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